Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) security has become an increasingly critical aspect of modern digital system design, as these highly flexible semiconductor devices are widely used in applications ranging from telecommunications and automotive systems to aerospace, defense, and data centers.
One of the primary concerns in FPGA security is the protection of configuration bitstreams, which define the functionality of the device. These bitstreams are often stored externally and loaded into the FPGA during startup, making them vulnerable to interception, reverse engineering, or tampering.
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